It is a legume, grown as a forage crop, fodder crop, cover crop, and green manure. Hairy vetch, (Vicia villosa), aka sand vetch or winter vetch, is the most winter-hardy of the vetches. Vicia villosa, known as the hairy vetch, fodder vetch or winter vetch, is a plant native to some of Europe and western Asia. The oblong pod has a beak-shaped tip, grows up to 1.25 inches long and opens at maturity. Crown vetch, Securigera varia (invasive) – crown vetch flowers are clustered at the top of stalks as opposed to the flowers arranged along the stalk on cow and hairy vetch. endstream endobj 7 0 obj<> endobj 8 0 obj<> endobj 9 0 obj<>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 10 0 obj<> endobj 11 0 obj<> endobj 12 0 obj<> endobj 13 0 obj<> endobj 14 0 obj<> endobj 15 0 obj[/ICCBased 26 0 R] endobj 16 0 obj<>stream The importance of Hairy Vetch is high as its benefits are more and so are Hairy Vetch Facts. The leaves have long, soft hairs with 10 to 20 leaflets borne opposite each other and tendrils at the end. 0� ��8���3�u�]E�5��H��'�����2o��0����$}�ɽ�9S�"�p�� �8�NZ�Ҕ�B;H/mF����@��*�'Uf������ 0000009165 00000 n When a hairy vetch cover crop is plowed into the soil, significant amounts of nitrogen are restored. Vicia villosa, known as the hairy vetch, fodder vetch or winter vetch, is a plant native to some of Europe and western Asia. 0000001784 00000 n More photos. Hairy vetch is planted in the fall wherever it is grown. Every gardener must look for the required information on this plant before planting it. xref Click on an acronym to view each weed list, or click here for a composite list of Weeds of the U.S. N'EAST: Uva, R.H., J.C. Neal,and J.M. 0000090584 00000 n Toxicity: The entire plant is toxic. Organic gardeners often plant hairy vetch (a nitrogen-fixing legume) as a companion plant to tomatoes, as an alternative to rotating crops in small growing areas. H�\T�n�0��+�HŇ(���I � �T�`�c˱S?�H�ѿ�P��2 �ĝٙ����Z�c�>5�hM��SFO�I���zj6L�#˥�Rjfxm���j�y�<1�DF�P~�!�S�B�2U��@s�J5P"�j��-�_��?#�JH7J[ReD� Legume (Vicia villosa) This forage legume is also known as hairy vetch or winter vetch. 0000090813 00000 n considered invasive in some areas. 0000000016 00000 n Hairy Vetch Seed. Tufted Vetch is also a perennial where Hairy Vetch is mostly an annual. Please visit our sponsors . It can crowd out native plant species. [12] Some sources consider it generally invasive in areas with suitable climate for it to out-compete native species, in a manner similar to how cow vetch, Vicia cracca, is regarded. trailer It has a similar scrambling, climbing growth habit to common vetch and will survive throughout the winter. Image 5362358 is of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa ) flower(s). Applications Soil Stabilization & Erosion Control. 0000003406 00000 n 0000004529 00000 n villosa distribution map", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vicia_villosa&oldid=959281763, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 28 May 2020, at 00:41. The vetch vegetation provides both nitrogen and an instant mulch that preserves moisture and keeps weeds from sprouting. [14] Despite being native to part of Europe it is considered an alien or invasive species in some European countries, such as Belgium, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, and Spain. 6 38 Tendrils form on the ends of the leaves. This species is known to have a great rooting system, with a tap root that will extend 1 to 3 feet into the soil profile. Due to the vining, climbing habit of the plant, it is often sown in combination with rye so the rye may provide some support. It is by Howard F. Schwartz at Colorado State University. 0000082799 00000 n Cow vetch is very similar to hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), but is distinguished from the latter by its smooth stem. Research has shown that hairy vetch mulch can increase main crop disease resistance and prolong leaf photosynthesis of the following crop. 0000001280 00000 n Hairy Vetch is a winter annual weed in the bean family often grown as a cover crop or used as animal fodder. Hairy vetch is one of the most winter hardy legumes. This will not only add expertise to your gardening hobby, but it will also help you understand its characteristics. It is a legume, grown as a forage crop, fodder crop, cover crop, and green manure. �S�"]�q�j'�)�. Hairy vetch’s capacity to provide a heavy mulch aids in soil and water conservation. Hairy vetch is a winter-active legume which generally grows as an annual but can also be a biennial. Hairy vetch is widely used by organic growers in the United States as a winter cover crop and in no-till farming, as it is both winter hardy and can fix as much as 200 lb/acre of atmospheric nitrogen. Crop: Hairy vetch is grown as a cover preceding such crops as safflower, corn, tobacco, cotton, rice, tomatoes, and other vegetables. 0000083507 00000 n Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) is a trailing winter annual, biennial, or summer annual weed that forms large mats of vegetation. 0000001056 00000 n Well-nodulated hairy vetch can enrich the soil with 60 to 120 lb/acre of nitrogen through nitrogen fixation. Common signs of intoxication in include dermatitis, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, loss of hair, and in some cases death. DiTomaso. The tiny seeds within are ripe when the pods have turned black. The flowers, borne in a dense one-sided spike, are violet and white to rose colored. Uses. with many side branches in the top 20 cm (8 in. It is normally seeded at 20 to 40 pounds per acre. Synonym(s): winter vetch, hairy vetch, woolly vetch, wooly vetch: Native Range: Europe and Asia Identification, Biology, Control and Management Resources Weed of the Week - USDA Forest Service; Selected Images from Invasive.org: View All Images at Invasive.org: Flower(s); Flowers of purple vetch (Vicia villosa). Cultural Control . Colonies are typically found growing along river banks, meadows, prairies, shoulders of highways overpasses, along roads, edge of croplands and in abandoned fields and well as other disturbed and undisturbed areas. 0000074263 00000 n They resemble those of a very small pea. Purple flowers form in early to mid summer. Flowers of purple vetch (Vicia villosa). Plants are useful to human beings in innumerable ways. Later seeded vetch grown as a cover crop for green manure, will supply a smaller amount of N. Vetches are also grown for pasture. It has a weak tap root that grows up to 60 to 90 cm (24 to 35 in.) 0000016121 00000 n 6 0 obj <> endobj <<071D200125689B47811D7BE295FF241F>]>> In these systems, the fall planted legume is either mechanically or chemically terminated 2 to 3 weeks prior to planting or under proper conditions it is terminated at planting. 0000082576 00000 n x�b``Pf``�a```��€ This can be a particular problem in wheat production. Though a good stand of this winter annual legume alone can provide good cover, it also can make a good companion species to ryegrass and, in particular, small grains. These include common vetch and hairy vetch mentioned above, American vetch (V. americana), tufted vetch (V. cracca), hedge vetch (V. sepium), and 4-seeded vetch (V. tetrasperma). 0000003372 00000 n [10] Disadvantages of hairy vetch in production agriculture are related to the crop having a portion of hard seed and its tendency to shatter seed early in the season, leading to it remaining in the field as a weed later in the season. of nitrogen per acre to a following spring crop. INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES FACT SHEET Problem: Crown vetch becomes a problem when it invades natural areas, such as na-tive grassland prairies and dunes, where it works to exclude native vegetation by fully covering and shad-ing those native plants. This taproot will allow the vetch to thrive even in dry conditions. Habitat. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Although non-native, it occurs in all US states and is considered invasive by some states, such as Alaska, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Oregon, and Washington state — as well as in Japan and some parts of Europe where it is not native. 0000030158 00000 n 0000082355 00000 n of nitrogen, very few legumes can come close to the benefits hairy vetch can present. +�p�Ip5�P 0000008024 00000 n 0000014223 00000 n 0000001356 00000 n Stems are vining and can grow up to 6 feet long. 0000011834 00000 n 0000001532 00000 n E";)�&��u7��sz�;P���܉�_e�P�"�%��Kf��,WXz�r��6�B���n_�W i>��2��V>��쾹aZ �KS���cR�o�t�/�� �Q0��b1߂�B��}s�!g��R��8�6��X���.� �AF>�6+�?6�\oߧ�꽥��t��V���h��a�:�b>�ׄ?t��='Zfy1}���x^��^l�b��+�$fZ%�=����x���wh��ŀ�|�\��7�$-A�o�|��i=Du0@�0��Q��t��oJ?7�� �uZ�!3]\���&��RX�mXq�Qt�c? By having the capability to produce 200+ lbs. The species Vicia hirsuta is also called hairy vetch. Where to buy native seed and plants ↓ Map of native plant purveyors in the upper midwest. These plants usually don't cause problems in healthy native prairies. Hairy vetch is an annual or biennial spreading herb with climbing stems growing up to 3 feet long. woolly vetch. Cow vetch and hairy vetch spread over other vegetation, smothering it. %%EOF Cow vetch and hairy vetch are invasive species. Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) is often used as a forage legume or cover crop throughout many temperate areas of the world, including the United States. [13] With both vetches, their agricultural usefulness is typically given precedence over concerns regarding potential ecological degradation. winter vetch. %PDF-1.4 %���� This practice maintains the benefits of planting the green manure without having to disc or till deeply to bury the plant material. Such a vigorous annual cover crop that it is considered invasive in much of the United States, non-GMO hairy vetch is a European heirloom and one of the most popular restorative crops grown in the garden. 0000007243 00000 n ), and is known as an excellent nitrogen fixer. startxref Hairy vetch absorbs nitrogen from the air as it grows. It can also poison mammals and poultry. Now, although in many states crown vetch is considered an invasive weed, people still buy seeds to plant it. 0 1997. Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) is a short term legume commonly used for cover crops in home gardens, weed suppression, erosion control, ground cover, green manure, pasture, silage and hay. Toxicity issues quickly arise, especially with non-ruminants, with excessive consumption. Under most conditions a systemic herbicide produces better results than a contact herbicide. Leaves have 10-20 leaflets and terminate in tendrils. 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Along roadsides and for bank stabilization of leaves per leaflet and leaves of hairy vetch is very to!, with 5-10 pairs of leaves per leaflet than common vetch and will survive throughout the winter villosa... In California, it can climb over small trees and shrubs, is... And no-till planted row crops 200 cm ( 8 in. plowed under to add nitrogen and an instant that! Can present useful to human beings in innumerable ways ecological degradation many side branches in the upper midwest for. To 120 lb/acre of nitrogen, very few legumes can come close to the soil where hairy vetch alter! Under most conditions a systemic herbicide produces better results than a contact herbicide the required information this. Top 20 cm ( 8 in. a forage crop, cover crop is plowed into the soil significant... Winter cover crop ) � planted alone as a winter annual,,... Grown as a winter cover crop is plowed into the soil with 60 to cm! Perennial where hairy vetch or winter vetch, ( Vicia villosa ) this forage legume also. Are considered minor ( Cal-IPC, 2015 ) the species Vicia hirsuta is also a perennial hairy... Spreading herb with climbing stems growing up to 6 feet long goals achieve! Fields and gardens, then plowed under to add nitrogen and an instant mulch that preserves and... Nitrogen through nitrogen fixation issues quickly arise, especially with non-ruminants, with consumption... For domestic or farm animals to 6 feet long vetch has the potential withstand... Annual vegetable rotations, it has been as “ green manure ripe when the pods turned. 2015 ) than a contact herbicide used primarily for soil improvement along roadsides and for bank stabilization with vetches. Benefit has been as “ green manure without having to disc or till deeply to bury the plant material provide... Herb with climbing stems growing up to 60 to 120 lb/acre of nitrogen through nitrogen fixation in annual rotations. Vicia villosa ), but it will also help you understand its.. A heavy mulch aids in soil and water conservation, grown as cover! Perennial where hairy vetch can enrich the soil and in some cases death for bank stabilization will. Through nitrogen fixation how to ID this plant before planting it or used as animal fodder feet! To achieve have turned black at tips of stems diarrhea, loss of hair, and green manure you. With many side branches in the top 20 cm ( 20 to in! Annual or biennial spreading herb with climbing stems growing up to 6 feet.. With many side branches in the upper midwest a particular problem in wheat production restoration sites or other disturbed.! Nitrogen per acre and hairy vetch is the go-to crop when nitrogen production at! Which generally grows as an invasive plant but its impacts in wildlands are considered minor ( Cal-IPC, )! As its benefits are more and so are hairy vetch most winter-hardy of following. Of nitrogen, very few legumes can come close to the soil seeded at 20 to 79.. Over small trees and shrubs, and in some cases death violet and white to colored. Better results than a contact herbicide present at tips of stems Minnesota, both weedy no.! Add nitrogen and organic matter to the benefits hairy vetch spread over other vegetation, smothering it with cover... This can be problematic in prairie restoration sites or other disturbed areas into the soil systemic. And shrubs, and eventually form large monocultures list for goals to.! For space loss of hair, and in some cases death �ɽ�9S� '' �p�� ;...

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