Potential mechanisms of diet therapy for fibrocystic breast conditions show inadequate evidence of effectiveness. Horrobin, D. F. Lipids and schizophrenia. Evening primrose oil (Efamol) as a treatment for cold-induced vasospasm (Raynaud's phenomenon). View abstract. Br.J Hosp.Med 1990;43(5):330-332. Hassig, A., Liang, W. X., and Stampfli, K. Bronchial asthma: information on phytotherapy with essential fatty acids. Takwale A, Tan E, Agarwal S, et al. Horrobin, D. F. The membrane phospholipid hypothesis as a biochemical basis for the neurodevelopmental concept of schizophrenia. Clin Ter. Drug companies' evidence to justify advertising. Tong M. [Treatment of hyperlipemia with evening primrose oil capsules]. Evening primrose oil might slow blood clotting. Sharif SN, Darsareh F. Impact of evening primrose oil consumption on psychological symptoms of postmenopausal women: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial. Khorshidi M, Zarezadeh M, Moradi Moghaddam O, et al. J Fam.Pract. Endocr Res. Pye JK, Mansel RE, Hughes LE. As the scientists point out, EPO is rich in beta-sitosterol, ferulic acid and other bioactive compounds with therapeutic properties. 2003;139(1):21. Meta-analysis of placebo-controlled studies of the efficacy of Epogam in the treatment of atopic eczema. Schalin-Karrila M, Mattila L, Jansen CT, Uotila P. Evening primrose oil in the treatment of atopic eczema: effect on clinical status, plasma phospholipid fatty acids and circulating blood prostaglandins. Koshidawa N, Tatsuma T Furyya K et al. Meigel, W., Dettke, T., Meigel, E. M., and Lenze, U. Montreal, Quebec: Eden;1982. Early research shows that taking 6 grams of evening primrose oil per day for 10 weeks may reduce finger and toe sores in people with this condition. The effects of essential fatty acid supplementation by Efamol in hyperactive children. Abstracts from the International Symposium on Gamma Linolenic Acid, American Oil Chemists Society, Health and Nutrition Division Annual Conference, San Diego, CA, 2000. View abstract. In one study, young women who took a supplement containing evening primrose oil, vitamin E and vitamin B6 reported fewer symptoms during their periods compared to the control group. Acta Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology 1993;21(4):37-38. View abstract. Most studies regarding its role in the treatment of PMS, menopause symptoms, digestive disorders, eczema or cancer have conflicting results, according to the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC). Clinical experience of drug treatments for mastalgia. Pellegrina, C. D., Padovani, G., Mainente, F., Zoccatelli, G., Bissoli, G., Mosconi, S., Veneri, G., Peruffo, A., Andrighetto, G., Rizzi, C., and Chignola, R. Anti-tumour potential of a gallic acid-containing phenolic fraction from Oenothera biennis. View abstract. Aust N Z J Surg 1994;64(5):329-331. Aceite de Onagra, Acide Cis-linoléique, Cis-Linoleic Acid, EPO, Evening Primrose, Evening Primrose Seed Oil, Fever Plant, Herbe-aux-ânes, Huile de Graines d’Onagre, Huile D'Onagre, Huile de Primerose, Huile de Primevère Vespérale, Jambon de Jardinier, Jambon du Paysan, King's Cureall, Mâche Rouge, Night Willow-Herb, Oenothera biennis, Oenothera muricata, Oenothera purpurata, Oenothera rubricaulis, Oenothera suaveolens, Œnothère, Oil of Evening Primrose, Onagra biennis, Onagraire, Onagre Bisannuelle, Onagre Commune, Primevère du Soir, Primrose, Primrose Oil, Scabish, Sun Drop. Seizures! Disorders affecting bile flow in the liver. It also doesn't appear to reduce the risk of developing high blood pressure in pregnant women when taken with fish oil. Sture, G. H. and Lloyd, D. H. Canine atopic disease: therapeutic use of an evening primrose oil and fish oil combination. A 20-year-old male asked: does taking evening primrose oil capsulesdaily cause side effects like reduced testosterone levels? used as a substitute for professional medical advice, Kalati M, Kashanian M, Jahdi F, Naseri M, Haghani H, SHeikhansari N. Evening primrose oil and labour, is it effective? View abstract. Kiss, A. K., Filipek, A., Czerwinska, M., and Naruszewicz, M. Oenothera paradoxa defatted seeds extract and its bioactive component penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose decreased production of reactive oxygen species and inhibited release of leukotriene B4, interleukin-8, elastase, and myeloperoxidase in human neutrophils. Gateley, C. A. and Mansel, R. E. Management of cyclical breast pain. Her mission is to help people live healthier lives by making smarter food choices and staying active. It is also said to increase the chances of seizures , thus it is best to be avoided in patients with epilepsy and schizophrenia. Efficacy and tolerability of borage oil in adults and children with atopic eczema: randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, parallel group trial. Most of the time it happens because the dose is too high. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;187:1389-94.. View abstract. Obesity. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. evening primrose oil side effects men. View abstract. [Clinical trial of a topical preparation containing urea, sunflower oil, evening primrose oil, wheat germ oil and sodium pyruvate, in several hyperkeratotic skin conditions]. View abstract. Ann.Pharmacother. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:386S-392S. But there isn't enough information to know if evening primrose oil or the other medications caused the seizure. New York: Wiley-Liss;1990. Jellin JM, Batz F Hitchens K. Pharmacists letter/Prescriber's letter; Natural Comprehensive Database. View abstract. Labruzzo, B. 1985;13(6):959-965. 1999;13(7):627-629. Herbs for mental illness: effectiveness and interaction with conventional medicines. Use evening primrose oil in small doses for short periods. Uccella, R., Contini, A., and Sartorio, M. [Action of evening primrose oil on cardiovascular risk factors in insulin-dependent diabetics]. She holds a BA in Psychology and a BA in Marketing and International Business. Greenfield SM, Green AT, Teare JP, et al. Evening Primrose Oil or other essential fatty acids for the treatment of pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS). 1986;15(1):114-115. J Am Board Fam.Pract. Smith, R. L., Pruthi, S., and Fitzpatrick, L. A. However, there is not enough available research on its long term use and safety. Andra Picincu is a certified nutritionist and personal trainer with more than 10 years of experience. CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: The use of Evening Primrose Oil is … Ann Intern Med 2002;137:805-13.. View abstract. View abstract. Acta Obstet Gynecol.Scand 2005;84(10):972-979. Read more: 8 Warning Signs of Depression You Shouldn't Ignore. Copyright © In 2014, she launched a local nutrition office and partnered up with local gyms to help their clients take the steps needed to better health. View abstract. As the Food and Drug Administration points out, supplements are not intended to prevent, diagnose or treat diseases. Berth-Jones J, Graham-Brown RA. Z.Hautkr. 6-15-1989;129(5):381-388. View abstract. In fact, serotonin is often referred to as the "happy" or "feel-good" hormone. The problem is that it may interact with certain drugs, including anticoagulants, antidepressants and antihypertensives. Side-effects are normally mild and include nausea, diarrhoea, indigestion and headache.19 Very rarely, EPO can cause an allergic reaction. Several small studies show that taking 15-20 mL or 4-6 grams of evening primrose daily for up to 16 weeks doesn't improve asthma symptoms. Makrides, M., Neumann, M. A., Simmer, K., and Gibson, R. A. Erythrocyte fatty acids of term infants fed either breast milk, standard formula, or formula supplemented with long-chain polyunsaturates. EPO capsules (500–1,300 mg) or oil (150 ml) are available from high-street retailers. Manchester, England, April 1991. pg 89-96. A study of evening primrose seed oil in atopic asthma. Treatment of menopause-associated vasomotor symptoms: position statement of The North American Menopause Society. View abstract. Laivuori H, Hovatta O, Viinikka L, et al. Side effects of evening primrose oil Short-term use of EPO has been shown to be safe. Evening Primrose Oil Side Effects In studies, patients taking evening primrose oil have reported only minor side effects like headaches, nausea, upset stomach and loose stool [source: MedicineNet ]. 1998;218(3):234-237. 1998;10(5):385-394. 2016 Mar;51(3):349-56. Rheumatology. McFayden, I. J., Forrest, A. P., Chetty, U., and Raab, G. Cyclical breast pain--some observations and the difficulties in treatment. Kelley, K. W. and Carroll, D. G. Evaluating the evidence for over-the-counter alternatives for relief of hot flashes in menopausal women. Poisson J, Germain-Bellenger S, Engler M, and et al. Hanna K, Day A O'Neill S Patterson C Lyons-Wall P. Does scientific evidence support the use of non-prescription supplements for treatment of acute menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes? View abstract. Doctors also prescribe these medications to those struggling with panic disorders, anxiety, nerve pain or bipolar disorder. Chasteberry Tree? Puri BK. pregnancy, upcoming surgery, etc. View abstract. 2021 Most subjects reported mild and temporary side effects, such as diarrhea and indigestion. Some research shows that taking 4 grams daily for 3 months, or 3 grams daily from day 15 until the end of the menstrual cycle for 4 cycles, improves self-reported symptoms. View abstract. Additionally, there is a risk of allergic reactions, warns the European Medicines Agency. To be on the safe side, you should stop taking evening primrose oil at least 2 weeks before surgery. It can help minimize breast pain. Effectiveness of a herbal formula in women with menopausal syndrome. Med J Aust 1990;153:630-1. Osman M, Badawi E. Evening primrose oil reducing serum lithium concentration. However, other studies using up to 6 grams daily for up to 4 menstrual cycles found no benefit. View abstract. Improvement seems to take place within 1-2 weeks of starting treatment. Evening primrose oil in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and side- effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Field, E. J. and Joyce, G. Effect of prolonged ingestion of gamma-linolenate by MS patients. Shuster J. Essential fatty acid supplementation in tardive dyskinesia. What does the evidence tell us? Clin Exp Hypertens B 1983;2:247-54. View abstract. Jamal GA and Carmichael H. The effects of gamma-linolenic acid on human diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. View abstract. Evening primrose is safe for short term use. Gimenes, O. M., da Silva, M. J., and Benko, M. A. 2020;34(10):2628-2638. J.Atten.Disord. Treatment of diabetic neuropathy with gamma-linolenic acid. However, other research shows that taking 4 grams per day of evening primrose for 2-4 months does not benefit people with long-term, severe schizophrenia. Aragona, P., Bucolo, C., Spinella, R., Giuffrida, S., and Ferreri, G. Systemic omega-6 essential fatty acid treatment and pge1 tear content in Sjogren's syndrome patients. View abstract. Gruenwald, J., Graubaum, H. J., and Busch, R. Evaluation of the non-inferiority of a fixed combination of thyme fluid- and primrose root extract in comparison to a fixed combination of thyme fluid extract and primrose root tincture in patients with acute bronchitis. Joy, C. B., Mumby-Croft, R., and Joy, L. A. Polyunsaturated fatty acid (fish or evening primrose oil) for schizophrenia. Down the primrose path: petechiae in a neonate exposed to herbal remedy for parturition. delicate wildflower native to North America and is not a true primrose Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh) 1985;114:143-145. Researchers believe that it may be due to the hormonal changes occurring during the menstrual cycle. Privacy Policy Rev.Esc Enferm.USP. View abstract. Br J Dermatol 1987;117:11-9. A., and Doorenbos, H. Effects of short-term high dose intake of evening primrose oil on plasma and cellular fatty acid compositions, alpha-tocopherol levels, and erythropoiesis in normal and type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic men. Gateley, C. A., Maddox, P. R., Mansel, R. E., and Hughes, L. E. Mastalgia refractory to drug treatment. Rezapour-Firouzi S, Arefhosseini SR, Mehdi F, et al. Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. Behan PO, Behan WM, Horrobin D. Effect of high doses of essential fatty acids on the postviral fatigue syndrome. Although these findings are promising, more research is needed to validate them. View abstract. Evening Primrose Oil has some side effects that many people will experience at one point during their use, and there are also some side effects that, while rare, may occur when you use more than the recommended dose. Evening primrose oil side effects may include headaches, nausea, stomach pain and digestive distress as well as more serious issues, such as lipoid pneumonia. Therefore, always take evening primrose oil with food to avoid upset stomachs and other gastrointestinal side-effects. Current research contradicts anecdotal evidence. Clinical Uses of Essential Fatty Acids . Shaw D, Leon C, Kolev S, Murray V. Traditional remedies and food supplements: a 5-year toxicological study (1991-1995). J Psychosom.Obstet.Gynaecol. Stordy BJ. Engler MM, Engler MB, Erickson SK, Paul SM. Biagi, P. L., Bordoni, A., Masi, M., Ricci, G., Fanelli, C., Patrizi, A., and Ceccolini, E. A long-term study on the use of evening primrose oil (Efamol) in atopic children. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Health Technol Assess 2000;4(37):1-191. View abstract. Br J Nutr 2000;83(6):629-635. 1994;4(598):603. She owns ShapeYourEnergy, a popular health and fitness website. 2003;188(5 Suppl):S56-S65. 1. Leaf Group Ltd. Bates D, Fawcett PRW, Shaw DA, and et all. View abstract. Because evening primrose oil may cause uterine contractions, it is not recommended for pregnant women. Diabet Med 1990;7(4):319-323. Cortisone in ulcerative colitis. J Am Diet.Assoc. View abstract. Leichsenring, M., Kochsiek, U., and Paul, K. (n-6)-Fatty acids in plasma lipids of children with atopic bronchial asthma. 2003;10(5):465-476. The MSKCC and medical experts warn about its health risks, which range from mild to severe. Use of this web site constitutes acceptance of the LIVESTRONG.COM Taking evening primrose oil doesn't seem to reduce blood pressure in women with pre-eclampsia. View abstract. Management of cyclical mastalgia in oriental women: pioneer experience of using gamolenic acid (Efamast) in Asia. Tang W, Song YF He ZM. Lipids 1996;31 Suppl:S163-S165. View abstract. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. View abstract. It should not be View abstract. View abstract. 2012;3, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. View abstract. © 2005 - 2019 WebMD LLC. A double-blind placebo controlled trial of Efamol Marine on skin and joint symptoms of psoriatic arthritis. View abstract. Evening primrose oil and marine oil in the treatment of psoriasis. Lancet 5-10-1986;1(8489):1098. Pruthi S, Wahner-Roedler DL, Torkelson CJ, Cha SS, Thicke LS, Hazelton JH, and Bauer BA. Jantti J, Seppala E, Vapaatalo H, and Isomaki H. Evening primrose oil and olive oil in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. View abstract. Br Med J 1978;ii:1390-1391. View abstract. View abstract. Ebden P, Bevan C, Banks J, Fennerty A, and Walters EH. Effect of primrose oil on serum lipids and blood pressure in hyperlipidemic subjects. any of the products or services that are advertised on the web site. Lancet 4-7-1990;335(8693):864-865. But this combination might reduce the rate of swelling (edema). 2008;57(8):542-544. Journal of Dermatological Treatment 1993;4:33-36. , In clinical trials, it has been shown to relieve morning stiffness and reduce the need for medications in rheumatoid arthritis sufferers, according to results published in the journal Advances in Pharmacological Sciences in May 2016. View abstract. el Ela, S. H., Prasse, K. W., Carroll, R., and Bunce, O. R. Effects of dietary primrose oil on mammary tumorigenesis induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene. They work by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, leading to a better mood and anxiety relief. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Head RJ, McLennan PL, Raederstorff D, et al. Diabetologia 1988;31(8):576-584. Berth-Jones, J., Thompson, J., and Graham-Brown, R. A. Lancet 1995;345(8963):1463-1468. A double-blind evaluation of evening primrose oil as an antiobesity agent. Lindmark L and Clough P. A 5-month open study with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in dyslexia. www.quackwatch.com/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/DSH/epo.html (accessed 09/10/15). Central 1989;35. This copyrighted material is provided by Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version. Hounsom, L., Horrobin, D. F., Tritschler, H., Corder, R., and Tomlinson, D. R. A lipoic acid-gamma linolenic acid conjugate is effective against multiple indices of experimental diabetic neuropathy. Reden, J., El-Hifnawi, D., Zahnert, T., and Hummel, T. The effect of a herbal combination of primrose, gentian root, vervain, elder flowers, and sorrel on olfactory function in patients with a sinonasal olfactory dysfunction. Lis-Balchin, M. Parallel placebo-controlled clinical study of a mixture of herbs sold as a remedy for cellulite. 2000;(2):CD001257. View abstract. View abstract. GLA is the part of evening primrose oil that might slow blood clotting. Clinical Uses of Essential Fatty Acids. Martens-Lobenhoffer, J. and Meyer, F. P. Pharmacokinetic data of gamma-linolenic acid in healthy volunteers after the administration of evening primrose oil (Epogam). Med Monatsschr.Pharm. A trial of evening primrose oil in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia. Bendich A. View abstract. Williams HC. The basic side effects of evening primrose are rare and include the mild cases of stomach pain, headaches, nausea, and diarrhea. View abstract. Gibson RA. Evening Primrose Oil is well tolerated and safe if used as recommended. Nasri K, Akrami S, Rahimim M, et al. Studies show that it may also pose risks during pregancy or … Vaddadi KS. View abstract. Dr. Ed Friedlander answered. McKendry RJ. Essential fatty acids in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome. Phytother Res 2012;26:265-272. A review published in Cochrane in April 2013 analyzed 27 studies assessing the benefits of EPO in eczema treatment. 2006;195(6 Suppl 1):S30. The studies cited in the above review had only a few participants and may not be conclusive. She graduated with honors from New York University and completed her clinical internship at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. 2010;24(3):238-245. View abstract. Int J Surg Med. Lancet 1-29-1983;1(8318):236-237. In most studies, taking evening primrose does not reduce hot flashes or night sweats any more than a placebo (sugar pill). Is evening primrose oil of value in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome? Proc.2nd International Symposium on Premenstrual, Postpartum and Menopausal Mood Disorders 1987;abstract 39. , Uras C, Banks J, and headaches ; 288 ( 5:509-10... Or spasm of the drug side effects of evening primrose oil 2:668-670 14 ( 4 ):162-165 with fish oil in rheumatoid.. Are mild digestive Issues and headaches disorder marked by high blood pressure and aortic.: pregnancy and breast-feeding: taking evening primrose oil on autonomic function tests 12... ) interacts with evening primrose oil does n't seem to improve Mood alpha... A dietary prostaglandin precursor diminishes vascular reactivity to resin and angiotensin II in rats serotonin in! A prospective, double-blind trials and Kligler, B GM, Choi EH, Bae JM results... On cDNA-expressed cytochrome P450 enzyme catalytic activity using evening primrose oil in the treatment of children with atopic.... G.Clin Med 1987 ; abstract 39 chronic schizophrenia Li Wan Po a, and et al et al or! 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